Department of Computer Sciences
Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad

About

PhD Openings against following topics:   

      A) Information Systems Security

Learning With Errors (LWE) based Post Quantum Cryptography Security

B) Natural Language Processing   

Large Language Model Generated Information quantization and distillation for Arabic-Scripted Low-Resource Languages

C)      Recommendation Systems 

           Enhancing Accuracy, Personalization, and User Trust with Privacy Preservation through Large Language Models (LLM) and Graph Neural Networks (GNN) in Recommender Systems

      MS Data Science Research Topics :
A) Data Lake-house designing for e-commerce recommendation system
B) Personalized Recommender System using Graph Neural Networks


Research Interests
Computing Data Analytics Information Systems Machine Learning Natural Language Processing
Courses Taught
CSC-224 - Database Systems [BS]
CSC-311 - Analysis & Design of Algorithms [BS]
CSC-313 - Computer Architecture [BS]
CSC-324 - Web Application Development [BS]
CSC-442 - Mobile Application Development [BS]
CSC-445 - Information Systems [BS]
CSC-652 - Advanced Analysis of Algorithms [MS]
CSC-65X - Intelligent Information System [MS]
CSC-702 - Advanced Operating Systems [MS]
CSC-751 - Distributed Systems [MS]
CSC-772 - Data Mining [MS]
DSC-672 - e-Government [MS]
DSC-848 - Big Data Analytics [MS]
IST-785 - Selected Topics in Information Science & Technology [MS]
CS-663 - Knowledge Representation and Reasoning [MS/PhD]
CSC-823 - Data Warehousing [MS/PhD]
CSC-838 - Recommender Systems [MS/PhD]
CSC-863 - Metadata Model Management [MS/PhD]
Awards (4)
Postdoctoral Fellowship - France 2012 Higher Education Commission, Pakistan
Bachelors of Science – Nathia Gali Summer School 1990 University Grants Commission, Pakistan
MS/PhD Scholarship (2004-2008) Higher Education Commission, Pakistan
President Talent Scholarship at Bachelors Level (1989-1990) University Grants Commission, Pakistan
T. Abbas, M. A. Aziz, D. Khalid Saleem and F. Tuz Zuhra, "Multi-label Emoji Prediction on an Urdu Twitter Dataset using Deep Learning," 2025 International Conference on Frontiers of Information Technology (FIT), Islamabad, Pakistan, 2025, pp. 1-6

Conference 2025 DOI: 10.1109/FIT67061.2025.11333609

Aqeel M. Uglah, Khalid B. Saleem, Hussein S. Sultan, Chemseddine Maatki, Mohammed A. Almeshaal, Fatih Selimefendigil, Lioua Kolsi, "Numerical investigation on optimizing the couple geometry of a thermoelectric generator under various thermal conditions", Case Studies in Thermal Engineering, Volume 75, 2025, 107191

Journal 2025 DOI: 10.1016/j.csite.2025.107191

F. S. Alamri, A. Rehman, B. Alghofaily, A. Ahmed and K. Saleem, "Leveraging RAG With Transformer for Context-Based Personalized Recommendations," in IEEE Access, vol. 13, pp. 97472-97486, 2025

Journal 2025 DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2025.3574073

Fatima Tuz Zuhra and Khalid Saleem. 2025. Towards Development of New Language Resource for Urdu: The Large Vocabulary Word Embeddings. ACM Trans. Asian Low-Resour. Lang. Inf. Process. 24, 8, Article 75 (August 2025)

Journal 2025 DOI: 10.1145/3748308

Ali H, Saleem K (2024) Generating large-scale real-world vehicle routing dataset with novel spatial data extraction tool. PLOS ONE 19(6): e0304422

Journal 2024 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0304422

Fatima Tuz Zuhra, Khalid Saleem, Surayya Naz, An accurate transformer-based model for transition-based dependency parsing of free word order languages, Journal of King Saud University - Computer and Information Sciences, Volume 36, Issue 6, 2024, 102107

Journal 2024 DOI: 10.1016/j.jksuci.2024.102107

Rehman A, Ahmed A, Alahmadi TJ, Mirdad AR, Al Ghofaily B, Saleem K. 2024. A framework for generating recommendations based on trust in an informal e-learning environment. PeerJ Computer Science 10:e2386

Journal 2024 DOI: 10.7717/peerj-cs.2386

Farooq MS, Riaz S, Tehseen R, Farooq U, Saleem K. Role of Internet of things in diabetes healthcare: Network infrastructure, taxonomy, challenges, and security model. DIGITAL HEALTH. 2023;9

Journal 2023 DOI: 10.1177/20552076231179056

Fatima Tuz Zuhra, Khalid Saleem, Hybrid embeddings for transition-based dependency parsing of free word order languages, Information Processing & Management, Volume 60, Issue 3, 2023, 103334

Journal 2023 DOI: 10.1016/j.ipm.2023.103334

Adeel Ahmed, Khalid Saleem, Jiechao Gao, & Umer Rashid (2022). Trust-aware denoising autoencoder with spatial-temporal activity for cross-domain personalized recommendations. Neurocomputing, 511, 477-494.

Journal 2022 DOI: 10.1016/j.neucom.2022.09.023

Human psychological disorder towards cryptography: True random number generator from EEG of schizophrenics and its application in block encryption’s substitution box

Journal 2022 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2532497

Khan, M.F., Saleem, K., Alotaibi, M., Hazzazi, M.M., Rehman, E. et al. (2022). Construction and Optimization of TRNG Based Substitution Boxes for Block Encryption Algorithms. Computers, Materials & Continua, 73(2), 2679–2696.

Journal 2022 DOI: 10.32604/cmc.2022.027655

Khan, Muhammad Fahad, Saleem, Khalid, Shah, Tariq, Hazzazi, Mohammad Mazyad, Bahkali, Ismail, Shukla, Piyush Kumar, Block Cipher's Substitution Box Generation Based on Natural Randomness in Underwater Acoustics and Knight's Tour Chain, Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience, 2022, 8338508, 17 pages, 2022.

Journal 2022 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8338508

Umer Rashid, Aiman Javid, Abdur Rehman Khan, Leo Liu, Adeel Ahmed, Osman Khalid, Khalid Saleem, Shaista Meraj, Uzair Iqbal, Raheel Nawaz, A hybrid mask RCNN-based tool to localize dental cavities from real-time mixed photographic images. PeerJ Computer Science, 8, e888.

Journal 2022 DOI: 10.7717/peerj-cs.888

Abdur Rehman Khan, Umer Rashid, Khalid Saleem, Adeel Ahmed (2021). An architecture for non-linear discovery of aggregated multimedia document web search results. PeerJ Computer Science, 7, e449.

Journal 2021 DOI: 10.7717/peerj-cs.449

Ahmed, Adeel; Saleem, Khalid; Khalid, Osman; Rashid, Umer; Baz, Abdullah. On Deep Neural Network for Trust Aware Cross Domain Recommendations in E-commerce . Expert Systems with Applications, Elseveir 2021. (accepted) (w Category)

Journal 2021 DOI: 10.1016/j.eswa.2021.114757

M. I. Malik, M. A. Sindhu, A. S. Khattak, R. A. Abbasi, and K. Saleem, "Automating test oracles from restricted natural language agile requirements," Expert Systems, vol 38, no. 1, p. e12608, 2021. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/exsy.12608

Journal 2021 DOI: 10.1111/exsy.12608

Muhammad Fahad, Khan; Khalid, Saleem;Mohammed Ali, Alshara; Shariq, Bashir. Multilevel Information Fusion for Cryptographic Substitution Box Construction based on Inevitable Random Noise in Medical Imaging . Nature Scientific Reports, Springer 2021. (accepted) (w Category)

Journal 2021 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93344-z

Naseer S, Minhas Q, Saleem K, Siddiqui GF, Bhatti N, Mahmood H. 2021. A game theoretic power control and spectrum sharing approach using cost dominance in cognitive radio networks. PeerJ Computer Science 7:e617. IF [2.98]

Journal 2021 DOI: 10.7717/peerj-cs.617

Umer, Rashid; Khalid, Saleem; Ahmed, Adeel. MIRRE approach: nonlinear and multimodal exploration of MIR aggregated search results . Multimedia Tools and Applications, Springer2021. (accepted) (w Category)

Journal 2021 DOI: 10.1007/s11042-021-10603-x

Ahmed, Adeel; Saleem, Khalid; Rashid, Umer; Baz, Abdullah. Modeling Trust Aware Recommendations with Temporal Dynamics in Social Networks . IEEE ACCESS, 2020. (w Category)

Journal 2020 DOI: 10.1109/access.2020.3014051

Ghazanfar Farooq Siddiqui, Zafar Iqbal, Khalid Saleem, Zafar Saeed, Adeel Ahmed, Ibrahim A. Hameed, Muhammad Fahad Khan, A Dynamic Three-Bit Image Steganography Algorithm for Medical and e-Healthcare Systems. In IEEE Access, vol. 8, pp. 181893-181903, 2020. IF [3.745]

Journal 2020 DOI: 10.1109/access.2020.3028315

Wahid, Junaid Abdul; Shi, Lei; Tao, Yongcai; Lin, Wei; Saleem, Khalid. Incorporation of social media indicator in e-Government index. ICCIP '19 : Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Communication and Information ProcessingNovember 2019, Pages 201209. October 1517, 2019, Chongqing, China

Conference 2019 DOI: 10.1145/3369985.3370026

Ahmed, Adeel; Khan, Muhammad Fahad; Saleem, Khalid; Shah, Tariq. A Novel Design of Cryptographic SP-Network Based on Gold Sequences and Chaotic Logistic Tent System . IEEE ACCESS (accepted), 2019 (w Category)

Journal 2019 DOI: 10.1109/access.2019.2925081

Khan, Muhammad Fahad; Ahmed, Adeel; Saleem, Khalid. A Novel Cryptographic Substitution Box Design Using Gaussian . . IEEE ACCESS. Vol 7, Jan 2019 (w Category)

Journal 2019 DOI: 10.1109/access.2019.2893176

Naveed Tariq, Khalid Saleem, Mubashar Mushtaq, Muhammad Ali Nawaz. Snow Leopard Recognition Using Deep Convolution Neural Network. ICISDM '18, April 911, 2018, Lakeland, FL, USA

Conference 2018 DOI: 10.1145/3206098.3206114

Ahmed, Adeel; Khan, Muhammad Fahad; Usman, Muhammad; Saleem, Khalid. Analysis of Coauthorship Network in Political Science using Centrality Measures. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED COMPUTER SCIENCE AND APPLICATIONS. 10/9, Oct 2018. (Emerging Index, Clarivate)

Journal 2018 DOI: 10.14569/ijacsa.2018.091040

Batool, Zahra; Usman, Muhammad; Saleem, Khalid; Abdullah-Al-Wadud, M.; Fazal-e-Amin; Al-Eliwi, Abdulhameed. . Disease-Disease Association Using Network Modeling: Challenges and Opportunities. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL IMAGING AND HEALTH INFORMATICS. 4/8, May 2018 (w Category)

Journal 2018 DOI: 10.1166/jmihi.2018.2342

Qasim, Tehreem; Zia, Muhammad; Minhas, Qurratul-Ain; Bhatti, Naeem; Saleem, Khalid; Qasim, Tooba; Mahmood, Hasan. An Ant Colony Optimization Based Approach for Minimum Cost Coverage on 3-D Grid in Wireless Sensor Networks. IEEE COMMUNICATIONS LETTERS. 6/22, June 2018 (w Category)

Journal 2018 DOI: 10.1109/lcomm.2018.2819643

Kanwal Kiani, Khalid Saleem . K-Nearest Temperature Trends: A Method for Weather Temperature Data Imputation. ICISDM 2017, April 01-03, 2017. Charleston, South Carolina, USA

Conference 2017 DOI: 10.1145/3077584.3077592

Muhammad Fahad Khan, Khalid Saleem and Mubashar Mushtaq. Optimally Compressed Digital Optimally Compressed Digital Content Delivery Using Short Message Service. ITNG-2017, April 10-12, 2017. Las Vegas, Nevada

Conference 2017 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-54978-1_38

Tehreem Qasim, Qurrat ul Ain Minhas, Alam Mujahid, Naeem Ali Bhatti, Mubashar, Mushtaq, Khalid Saleem, Hasan Mahmood, M.Shujah and Islam Sameem. ACO-Discreet: An efficient node deployment approach in wireless sensor networks. ITNG-2017, April 10-12, 2017. Las Vegas, Nevada, USA

Conference 2017 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-54978-1_6

Qadri, Salman; Khan, Dost Muhammad; Qadri, Syed Furqan; Razzaq, Abdul; Ahmad, Nazir; Jamil, Mutiullah; Shah, Ali Nawaz; Muhammad, Syed Shah; Saleem, Khalid; Awan, Sarfraz Ahmad. Multisource Data Fusion Framework for Land Use/Land Cover. Journal of Sensors, 2017 (w Category)

Journal 2017 DOI: 10.1155/2017/3515418

Faisal Baig, Muhammad Fahad Khan , Saira Beg, Tariq Shah, Khalid Saleem. Onion steganography: a novel layering approach. Nonlinear Dynamics, Springer. January 2016. DOI: 10.1007/s11071-015-2580-5. (w Category)

Journal 2016 DOI: 10.1007/s11071-015-2580-5

Muhammad Mazhar Abbas, Zia Muhammad, Khalid Saleem, Nazar Abbas Saqib, Hasan Mahmood. Energy Harvesting and Management in Wireless Networks for Perpetual Operations. Journal of Circuits, Systems, and Computers. Vol. 24, No. 3, 2015. World Scientific Publishing Company. (w Category)

Journal 2015 DOI: 10.1142/s0218126615500413

R. Jahangir, W. Masood, M. Siddiq, Nazia Batool, Khalid Saleem. Interaction of fast magnetoacoustic solitons in dense plasmas. Physics of Plasmas 09/2015; 22(9):092312. DOI:10.1063/1.4930270. (w Category)

Journal 2015 DOI: 10.1063/1.4930270

Muhammad Mazhar Abbas, Mohamed Tawhid, Khalid Saleem, Hassan Mahmood, Hafiz Malik, Muhammad Zia and Nazar Abbas Saqib. Solar Energy Harvesting and Management in Wireless Sensor Networks. International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks, vol. 2014, Article ID 436107, 8 pages, 2014. (w Category)

Journal 2014 DOI: 10.1155/2014/436107

Schema Matching and Integration When schemas are in thousands, Khalid Saleem, ISBN-13 : 978-3-8484-3566-1, LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing, April 2012

Book 2012 DOI: 9783848435661

Adeel Ahmed and Khalid Saleem, Title: Haplotype Segment Algorithm for Predicting Disease Gene Locus based on Distance/Similarity Measures, Book Title: Emerging Trends and Applications in Information Communication Technologies, Series Title: Communications in Computer and Information Science, Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, ISBN: 978-3-642-28962-0 (Online), ISSN: 1865-0929, March 2012, Volume 281, pp 31-42, DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-28962-0_4

Conference 2012 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-28962-0_4

Khalid Saleem and Zohra Bellahsene. Complex Schema Match Discovery and Validation through Collaboration.. Publisher: Springer Berlin / Heidelberg , Book Series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science, ISSN: 0302-9743 (Print) 1611-3349 (Online), Volume : 5870/2009, Book: On the Move to Meaningful Internet Systems, ISBN: 978-3-642-05147-0, Pages: 406-413, November 2009. Vilamoura , Portugal . DOI : 10.1007/978-3-642-05148-7_30.

Conference 2009 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-05148-7_30

Khalid Saleem, Zohra Bellahsene, Automatic Extraction of Structurally Coherent Mini-Taxonomies. Publisher: Springer Berlin / Heidelberg , Book Series : Lecture Notes in Computer Science, ISSN: 0302-9743 (Print) 1611-3349 (Online), Volume : 5231/2008, Book: Conceptual Modeling, ISBN: 978-3-540-87876-6, Pages: 341-354, October 2008. Barcelona , Spain . DOI : 10.1007/978-3-540- 87877-3_25.

Conference 2008 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-87877-3_25

Khalid Saleem, Zohra Bellahsene and Ela Hunt, PORSCHE: Performance ORiented SCHEma mediation, Journal: Information Systems, Publisher: Elsevier, ISSN: 0306-4379, Volume 33, Issues 7-8, Pages 637-657, November-December 2008. DOI:10.1016/j.is.2008.01.010. (w Category)

Journal 2008 DOI: 10.1016/j.is.2008.01.010

Khalid Saleem, Zohra Bellahsene and Ella Hunt, Performance Oriented Schema Matching. Publisher: Springer Berlin / Heidelberg , Book Series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science, ISSN: 0302-9743 (Print) 1611-3349 (Online), Volume : 4653/2007, Book: Database and Expert Systems Applications, ISBN: 978-3-540-74467-2, Pages: 844-853, August 2007. Regensburg , Germany . DOI : 10.1007/978-3-540-74469-6_82.

Conference 2007 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-74469-6_82